How Can We Reduce The Number of Knee Injuries In Female Athletes?

The New York Times recently ran a thought provoking story by Michael Sokolove called The Uneven Playing Field . The long and short of the article was that the bodies of female athletes, especially their knees, are taking a beating playing sports.

I can speak personally about the knee injuries girls are now experiencing in epidemic proportions. Thirty six years ago, I tore my right knee cartilage playing college lacrosse. Two surgeries and three years later I tore my Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and fractured my tibia during a squash match, which required major reconstructive surgery. By the age of thirty I could no longer enjoy a game of tennis, a day of skiing or regular hikes without enduring some lingering pain. By thirty-five I no longer tried to run after my young triplet sons or jog with my dog. My knees were shot. Recently I exploded my ACL. Three consults later the general consensus was that I need a total knee replacement. I do not wish this on anyone and in the months to follow will ask each of you who have been affected to join in my national discussion.

There are three things we should do about sports safety. First, parents need to consider their child's full life cycle and be reminded not to sacrifice their child's long term health and well-being for short term athletic success. Second, youth sports safety reforms and comprehensive risk-management programs are sorely needed. Third, the United States needs to view youth sports safety from a child's rights perspective. As a society, we owe children playing sports, as in all other areas of their life, a duty of care. Best practices need to be identified, and child protection programs implemented to combat the physical, emotional and sexual abuse of our children in sports, as is done in Great Britain.

What can parents do to make youth sports safer? Three years ago I interviewed Holly Silvers, a physical therapist and the director of research at the Santa Monica Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Research Foundation who co- designed the PEP program, an ACL injury prevention program in Southern California. The program utilizes a customized series of warm ups and stretching, strengthening and balancing exercises, which have been proven in a number of studies to reduce the number of ACL injuries among female athletes, particularly non-contact ACL injuries.  One 2011 study even showed that the PEP program improved athletic performance as well.

If more schools spent more time teaching girls the importance of strengthening their bodies and learning the importance of cross training & balance exercises I believe we would begin to see a drastic reduction in severe knee injuries among girls.

Do you have any ideas or thoughts on ways to reduce the epidemic of knee injuries among female athletes?

Please share your ideas with us.


5
Average: 5 (2 votes)

Angela Ruggiero: My Personal Reflections On Her Retirement

This is a success story virtually without equal in women's sports in the post-Title IX era. A story not only about the success of one remarkable young woman, but about her parents and those, like me, who were privileged to watch her grow from a starry-eyed and talented teenager to the mature, self-assured woman she is today; a story which should serve, not only as an inspiration to any youth athlete who wants to reach the elite level in their sport, but for their parents as well.

Two days ago, Angela Ruggiero held a press conference to announce her retirement from women's ice hockey, two weeks after she told me of her decision.

As it is for any elite athlete, retiring was a bittersweet moment for Angela. Bitter because a shoulder injury would cut short her hope to compete for another gold medal in a fifth Olympics in 2014. Sweet because she could now devote her incredible energies and talents full time to representing the athletes of the world on the International and United States Olympic Committees, by beginning the next chapter in an odyssey that I have been lucky enough to watch, as the profiles of athletes on Olympic television broadcasts used to say, "up close and personal."

Any attempt to recount Angela's accomplishments, not only on the ice but off, since she won gold at a member of the Women's National Team at the 1998 Olympics in Nagano, Japan as a high school senior at age 18, won't do her career justice, so for those not already familiar with her stellar athletic -and personal - resumé I direct you to her website. But here's just a partial list:

  • a collegiate career at Harvard highlighted by an NCAA championship, four straight first-team All-American selections, a Patty Kazmaier Award, first-team NCAA Academic All-American honors;
  • a sixteen-year career on the Women's National Team during which she appeared in an all-time record 256 games and tallied 208 points on 67 goals and 141 assists, highlighted by four Olympic medals (one gold, two silver, one bronze), four World Championship golds and six silvers in 10 appearances, and selection as the top defenseman at the tournament four times; and
  • a history-making appearance on January 28, 2005, when she and her brother, Bill, competed for the Central Hockey League's Tulsa Oilers, becoming the first-ever brother-sister tandem to play in a professional hockey game in North America; a contest which also saw Angela become the first female non-goalie to play in a professional hockey game in North America.

In announcing her resignation, she told USA Hockey that she felt "honored and privileged to have represented the U.S.A. program over the past 16 years." Listening to press conference, all I could think was how honored and privileged I am to have known Angela for the past eleven years of her journey.

Harvard

I first met Angela in the spring of 2001 as she began training for her second Olympic games in Salt Lake City, Utah. Then a junior at Harvard, Angela agreed to become MomsTeam's ice hockey expert, and began posting fascinating blog entries about her experiences as a member of the Women's National Team as it prepared for the Olympics, including contributing to an article I wrote about the traumatic day when the final cuts were made, leaving some of her teammates out in the cold looking in. Angela's dad, Bill, who had coached Angela and her brother, Billy, also chipped in with articles.Angela Ruggiero

I was, I have to admit, a bit envious of Angela and the generation of female athletes of which she was a part. As an athletic young girl growing up in the pre-Title IX years, the only times I saw women athletes competing were at the Olympics. In the four years between Games, the spotlight seldom shone on women athletes, so my female role models were few and far between. As a girl who learned to ski at a very young age and spent all of my winter vacations in Vermont on the slopes of Bromley and Stratton with my father, one of my dreams growing up was to be a giant slalom skier in the Olympics. So, as a lifelong fan of the Olympics, especially the Winter Games, it was a thrill to get to know Angela, not only because she was an Olympic athlete, but because she helped make my lifelong dream of attending one in person a reality.

Birthday surprise

My trip to Salt Lake for the 2002 Olympics, officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games, could not have been more memorable, and Angela had a lot to do with making it so special. When she learned that I would be attending, she gave me one of only four passes each athlete was given to the AT&T Family Center, where I had a once-in-a-lifetime chance, along with her brother, sister and mom, Karen, to get to know many of the athletes and their families, eat all my meals and watch all of the events that I was not able to attend in person on huge wide-screen TVs. Salt Lake City Olympic logo

The highlight of my stay came on the evening of February 15, 2002, 50 years to the day after another skating legend from Harvard, Dick Button, won a gold medal in men's figure skating at the Olympics in Oslo, Norway, and the day I was born.

Just before dinner in the ATT Center, Angela, along with the entire U.S.A. Women's Hockey Team, surprised me with a birthday cake. Along with Angela's mom Karen, sister Pam and my triplet sons, they then serenaded me with "Happy Birthday." Next to the birth of my triplets, it was one of the most memorable and special moments of my life.

Soon after the Olympics, Angela joined the Board of Directors for the Teams of Angels, a non-profit organization I had established to educate parents on ways to prevent catastrophic injury and death among youth athletes. Angela demonstrated through her work for Teams of Angels a genuine passion to help kids in sports, a passion she displays every time she meets a young hockey player, and in teaching girls to play hockey at her camp every summer.

Special invitations

In 2004, when Angela was a finalist - for the fourth straight year - for the Patty Kazmaier Memorial Award, bestowed annually on the top player in NCAA Division I women's ice hockey, she honored me with an invitation to attend the award's dinner in Providence as her guest. You can only imagine the joy I experienced when Angela was named the winner. When she graduated with honors from Harvard later that year, I wasn't able to attend, but have kept the engraved invitation as a cherished keepsake.

I wasn't able to watch Angela win her third straight medal at the 2006 Winter Games in Turino, Italy, but she continued to stay in touch,  calling or e-mailing me on a regular basis to share news of her team's and her own individual successes, including visits to China, her appearance on "Celebrity Apprentice", the satisfaction of beating arch-rival Team Canada for gold at the World Championships in 2008 and again in 2009, and gearing up for a fourth Olympics in 2010.

Vancouver

With the Olympics in North America again, it was time for another trip to the Olympics to watch Angela, with a team of veterans, including her Harvard teammate, Julie Chu, and newcomers, battle once again with Team Canada for gold in Vancouver. Angela made sure that I had tickets to the gold-medal game which, no surprise, was yet another re-match with Canada's Haley Wikenheiser - like Angela, 31 and competing in her fourth straight Olympics.

Canada Hockey Place was a sea of red: red Canadian flags, red coats, red hats. I still wonder to this day about how the tickets were allocated. Every other time I had seen Angela play with tickets that she had gotten, I had a great seat. This time around, we were in nosebleed heaven, surrounded by screaming Canadians, which made things all the more difficult when a brilliant game by the Canadian goalie kept the Americans off the scoreboard in a 2-0 win for Team Canada, its third-straight gold, and, I am sure, the most satisfying, coming as it did on home ice with all of hockey-crazed Canada watching. Canada Hockey Place

Ironically, not only did Angela add another Olympic silver to her trophy case, but the trip to Vancouver had a silver lining: just days later I learned that she had won, not just a medal, but the respect of her fellow Olympians from around the world, when they elected her to an eight-year term to the highly regarded position as a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Athlete's Commission, which consults with the IOC and serves as a liaison with active athletes.

Over the years I have watched Angela play innumerable times, from games in Cambridge for Harvard, to games for the National Team against college all-stars at Northeastern, to road trips to Durham, New Hampshire for a game at UNH in preparation for the Olympics, even a trip to Lake Placid to watch her prepare for the Olympics in Salt Lake City. But, perhaps the one game, other than the ones at the Olympics, I will always remember was her last professional game with the Boston Blades, a team in the Canadian Women's Hockey league in March 2011, against the Toronto Furies, which, fittingly, was played at Harvard's Bright Arena. I didn't know it at the time, but it would prove to be Angela's final game. MomsTeam had run a contest to give away 50 tickets. I decided to take Heloise, my ten-year-old neighbor. It would be Heloise's first time as a spectator watching a team sport. She was mesmerized and became an immediate fan. Angela made it all the more special for Heloise by meeting her after the game and posing for a photo with the awe-struck young girl. 

Angela Ruggiero and Eloise

I know that deciding to hang up her skates was a tough decision over which Angela agonized for months, but I also know it was the right decision for her. "To be an elite level Olympic athlete requires complete dedication" Angela said at yesterday's press conference-"and I want to be the best voice I can be for the Olympics."

When she was asked at the press conference about when she made the decision to retire, she admitted that "it was a process which began just after my fourth Olympics in Vancouver in 2010." When Angela finally decided the time was right, she made sure that her USA Women's Hockey teammates and coach, Katie Stone, were the first to know; a sign of respect, of class, and of putting the team ahead of one's self that have been essential parts of Angela's character from the start.

I don't know where Angela's post-athletic career will take her, but I do know that she will be a success in whatever she does. She will, I am sure, continue to make the world a much better place, not only for the athletes she represents on the IOC, but for anyone who gets to know her, as I have, as a person.

As I told her recently; "You have the world in the palm of your hand and so many fabulous opportunities coming your way I am so excited for you."

Thanks

Congratulations, Angela, on your decision and best wishes for the future. To your parents, Karen and Bill, I say, great parenting job! Kudos, too, to your sister, Pam: you have been your Angela's biggest fan (next to your mom!); a sister couldn't ask for more. As for your brother, Billy, I am sure a bit of friendly sibling rivalry helped you to become the remarkable ice hockey player you became; to have been able to share the ice on the same professional team has to make you the best brother Angela could ever have wanted. I know the entire Ruggiero family are proud of what Angela has achieved already in her 31 years, and is excited for her future.

Thanks for the memories, Angela. They'll last a lifetime. Angela Ruggiero and Brooke de Lench at Fenway

0

Athletic Success: An Accident of Birth?

If your child plays hockey or softball and is celebrating a birthday this month, congratulations, your kid is very lucky!

Why is that, you may ask?

Well, it's pretty simple: a phenomenon called the relative age effect or factor, which, numerous studies have shown give kids in sports where teams are grouped by age born early in the age-group year (January for hockey and softball, May for baseball, and August for soccer) a number of advantages over their younger teammates.   Because each child develops on their own unique timetable, even for kids born in the same month, there can be big differences in the rate at which they grow and develop, with early bloomers often benefiting from many of the same advantages as those with birthdays in the first few months after the age cutoff.  

When young athletes are competing for spots on "select" or "travel" teams, a six-to twelve-month developmental advantage can be huge and is often decisive. Slightly older participants are more likely to be selected because they tend to be more mature physically and psychologically. The relative age factor can and often does have an extremely large impact on success in sports, especially at the elite levels. It is a special problem in sports where height, weight, strength, and power are an advantage. 

In 2006 I wrote about the relative age effect (also called the relative age factor or RAF) in my book, Home Team Advantage.   In his best-selling 2008 book Outliers1 author Malcom Gladwell argues that the reason some people are successful, whether it be in sport or in school, is because they are "invariably the beneficiaries of hidden advantages."  What is the very first advantage, Gladwell identifies, the one to which he devotes the entire first chapter of his book? You guessed it: RAF.

Of course, neither Gladwell nor I can take credit for discovery RAF.  That honor goes to a Canadian psychologist named Roger Barnsley, who first identified the phenomenon in the 1980s.  Barnsley found that more players in the Ontario Junior Hockey League were born in January than in any other month, and by an overwhelming margin. The second most frequent birth month? February. The third? Well you get the point.  The same was true, Barnsley found, among all-star teams of eleven-year- and thirteen-year-olds, and in the National Hockey League. Gladwell's book cites to studies finding the same RAF in baseball, European soccer, among fourth graders and the birthdays of those attending four-year colleges. 

Are the hockey players who make it to the professional level more talented than most? Undoubtedly.  But, Gladwell, argues, they also got a big head start, an opportunity that they neither deserved nor earned - the most coaching, the most practice - which led to success from what sociologists call "accumulative advantage."

The problem, as Gladwell points out, and as highlighted in a 2004 article in the Journal of Sports Behavior2 that I cite in Home Team Advantage, are twofold: that an age group system not only gives those born early in the year advantages that others don't enjoy but result in a monumental squander of talent: "the long-term result of the RAF may be a lowering in the overall quality of the highest competitive team" as talented individuals may be overlooked because they are born late in the selection year. Using the 2007 Czech National Junior soccer team as an example - a 21-player squad comprised of 15 born in January, February or March, just two after June, and none after September - Gladwell says that, at the tryouts, the Czech coaches "might as well have told everyone born after midsummer that they should pack their bags and go home."

By all of this I don't mean to suggest that your child cannot achieve athletic success if he or she happens to have a birthday late in the age-group year for their sport, but the statistics do seem to suggest that they face an uphill battle.

And why should that be?

I agree with Gladwell that perhaps the first step in addressing the relative age factor problem - assuming you agree that there is a problem, and, if your child plays hockey or softball and was born in January, perhaps you are happy with things just they way they are, thank you very much - is simply to recognize that it exists, to acknowledge that cutoff dates actually matter

Once we take that first step, then, perhaps, as Gladwell suggests, we could set up two or even three hockey leagues divided up, not by year of birth, but month of birth so as to let players develop on separate tracks and then pick all-star teams for each.

For me, it comes down to a question of fundamental fairness, to giving every child who plays sports, as much as possible, an equal chance at success, not success that may be largely preordained by the happenstance of their birthdate.

Questions/Comments? Reach me at delench@momsteam.com 


1. Gladwell, Malcom. Outliers. Boston. Little Brown, 2008.

2. Glamser F, Vincent J. The Relative Age Effect Among Elite American Youth Soccer Players. Journal of Sports Behavior. 2004; 27(1):31-38.

0

Awarding Athletic Scholarship For Private School: Is It Wrong?

Every spring around this time, MomsTeam receives e-mails from parents asking for advice on how they can help their athletically gifted child get into and afford to pay for a private or parochial school with a top-flight athletic program.  The one I recently received was a bit different: a dad who was wondering whether I knew any schools who awarded financial aid based, not on need, but on athletic talent. 

Before I responded, I talked with Jeff Maidment, the Athletic Director at Moses Brown School in Providence, Rhode Island, who was the AD at the private school one of my sons attended back in the early 2000s.  I consider him to be one of the best athletic directors in the nation, in part because of the respect he has earned from the entire sports community at his schools, not just athletes, but coaches, and parents. 

Here's the e-mail I received from the parent, my exchange of emails with Jeff, and my response to the parent.  If you are a parent who considering private or parochial school for your child because of its athletic program, I hope you will find the email exchange helpful.  If you have advice for other parents that you would like to share, I hope you will feel free to post a comment.

From: Tiger's Dad

To: Brooke de Lench

Hi Brooke:

Just to provide the context, I talked to you after your FBU Top Gun lecture last summer. I explained that my son was a straight-A student, besides being a quarterback, and I was trying to find a private school that offers scholarships that are not needs based. You said to give you a call.

I've heard of athletic scholarships at some of these schools that claim to be only needs based. I've also heard that some of these schools look for a quarterback when they need one. Maybe you know how to approach this.

My situation is that I have a healthy salary, but I'm still finishing up the significant funding to send two kids to college. I went through the financial aid process for needs based assistance at one area private school, but they would not provide any aid, although they did want Tiger* to attend.

Tiger's Dad

From: Brooke de Lench

To: Jeff Maidment

Hi Jeff,

Hope you are well. I see you on twitter so I feel somewhat connected-kinda fun.

I got this email from a dad of a really good QB and am curious if you have any thoughts on what he can do? He came up to me after a talk I gave in Virginia last summer and I want to see if I can help him.

Brooke

From: Jeff Maidment

To: Brooke de Lench

Hi Brooke,

It has been fun following MomsTeam on Twitter. I love the articles and ability to RT to my followers, very informative.

To answer the question about merit aid for athletes. I can say with certainty that no reputable independent school will give aid to a family who has the means to pay.  Financial Aid based on need is what allows independent schools to diversify their student body.  Merit Aid only allows schools to enhance one aspect of the school, or maybe if the school is financially sound a few areas of the school.

I worked for a school in Virginia which went into bankruptcy as a result of awarding merit aid to basketball players back in the 1980's. There are schools in this country that give merit aid, but they will not be found on the National Association of Independent Schools website.

I hope this helps the father in search of merit aid. I don't have any advice for him, other than "if an independent school education is important, then find the way to pay for it."

Looking forward to seeing you again soon.

Jeff

From: Brooke de Lench

To: Tiger's Dad

Hi TD,

So, here is what I know. Students for most private (non parochial) schools have been selected for the fall by about the second week in March. Process is long and arduous with many "touch points."  One of my sons went through the process with three private schools. He was accepted at all three, and we asked for help, too. They all offered a very little amount. They really are looking to the neediest of kids.

XXX school may be an option for late comers who are great athletes and need financial aid. You don't mention your son's age but if he is in 8th grade you have missed the admissions window, so why not start for grade 10 entry? Then it is all about "touch-points": setting a time to visit the school this summer, getting in early on the admissions meetings, attending games (making sure to say hello to the admissions folks), going to all open-houses.  In other words, show focused interest and you may have a good shot.

As for merit aid, here's an email I got from an AD at a private school.

Brooke

Is this the answer Tiger's dad was looking for? Probably not, although I would like to think that, like other parents, he was looking for the best school for his son. He clearly was caught in no-man's land: neither wealthy enough to afford to a private school education for his son, but with too much income to qualify for financial aid based on need. 

Have you as a parent faced this situation and, if so, what did you do? Are there schools out there that award merit-based financial aid in order to recruit top athletes?  I would love to hear from you, either in the comments section below or via post on our Facebook page.

0

Article Exposes Flaws In Way American Youth Sports System Develops Talent

A piece by Michael Sokolove called "How a Soccer Star is Made" in the New York Times Magazine  is a must-read article for sports parents, not just for the fascinating glimpse it provides into the way a famous Dutch soccer club grooms athletes for pro careers but because it exposes serious flaws in the way the American youth sports system develops talent.

Sokolove, the author of Warrior Girls (a terrific book from a few years back about the injury epidemic among young female athletes), writes about the youth academy of the famed Dutch soccer club, Ajax, where players as young as seven (and scouted as young as five!) are groomed in what is literally a "talent factory" for future stardom in the world's most popular sport, soccer (or, as everyone but Americans call it, football).

Memories of Scotland

Reading the article brought back memories of the summer when I took a U-14 boys' soccer team to a tournament in St. Andrews, Scotland. Ajax sent a team. Because it was a U-16 team, my memory about them is a bit fuzzy; all I remember was how their players didn't talk to any of the players on other teams, and how, when they went into the town, they marched as if they were in a military parade!

What I remember more clearly is that one of the teams that our boys had to face was from San Paolo, Brazil and was affiliated with the world-renowned Italian powerhouse, Juventus. Even at age 13 and 14, the Juventus players, just as the Ajax players Sokolove writes about, were already essentially professionals, even to the point of knowing how to "sell" a foul to the referee (and perhaps win a yellow card against the fouling player) by writhing on the ground in feigned agony.  Not only did the football-knowledgeable Scots find the antics of the Juventus star forward very amusing, but they had the last laugh when a team from a nearby Scottish town ended up beating the heavily-favored Brazilians in a penalty-kick shootout in the U-14 finals.

The Juventus players, many of whom undoubtedly came from the notorious slums of San Paulo and viewed soccer as the way out of poverty, weren't being paid to play, of course, but they might as well been: the training, the coaching, the travel was, I am sure, all free. (Needless to say, our team and the parents had to pay their way to Scotland).  As was to be expected, Juventus knocked the stuffing out of our team in the first game of the tournament (I don't think we were able to get the ball past midfield), but it was fascinating to watch how deadly serious the Juventus players went about their "business": how carefully they chose their food at the cafeteria, avoiding anything their nutritionist might view as junk food, the way they left their soccer boots outside their rooms at night to be cleaned for the next day's games or practices.

Some key differences

But while Sokolove opens a window into a sports culture and a way of developing athletic talent that most in America would find very foreign, he also points out some fundamental problems in the way America grooms athletic talent in its youth sports system.  No doubt  because they are arguments I have been making for years, several of the key differences he highlights between European and American youth sports really resonated with me:

-- Games-based practices and fewer of them: In all age groups, training at Ajax largely consisted of small-sided (four-on-four) games and drills on small fields in which players move quickly and kick the ball very hard at each other at close range. While such drills are more typically part of a pre-practice warm-up in the U.S, the exercises at Ajax, which are designed to maximize "touches" (e.g. contact with the ball), are "the main event."  A games-based approach to practices is something I used when I was a soccer coach and been advocating for years.

-- Better balance between sports and family. Up to age 12, Ajax players only train three times a week and play only one game on the weekend; only by age 15 are they practicing five times a week. "For the young ones, we think that is enough," the director of the Ajax academy, Jan Olde Reikerink, told Sokolove. "They have a private life, a family life. We don't want to take that from that from them. When they are not with us, they play on the streets. They play with their friends. Sometimes that's more important. They have the ball at their feet without anyone telling them what to do." 

I couldn't have said it better myself: as I have been saying for years, youth sports in America has become so all-consuming that there is no time for kids, or their parents, to have a life outside of sports, and that is definitely not a good thing. We need to restore some balance for families so that, occasionally, they can take a family vacation somewhere that doesn't end up being five soccer games in three days. As Reikerink says, sometimes it is more important for kids to have time for free, unstructured play.

-- Fewer overuse injuries. While Sokolove expressed surprise that the Ajax players did not practice more hours or play more games, I wasn't the least surprised by the reason given by a father of one 15-year-old player: "[B]ecause they do not want to do anything to injure them or wear them out." In other words, Ajax wanted to guard against exactly the kind of overuse injuries that all too many of America's kids are suffering these days from playing on too many teams, in too many games, and from playing a single sport season after season without a break to rest their growing bodies. Practices and games at Ajax are limited because the academy, as a business, views the players as "capital" that it needs to protect, so later they can reap a huge return on that investment by selling the players to other football clubs for millions of euros in transfer fees. Our kids deserve no less protection against overuse injuries. After all, they our country's capital for its future - if only in the metaphorical sense.

-- Fewer games. Sokolove also states the obvious when he observes that "Americans place a higher value on competition than on practice, so the balance between games and practices in the U.S. is skewed when compared to the rest of the world."  As he writes, "It's not unusual for a teenager in the U.S. to play 100 more games in a season, for two or three different teams, leaving little time for training and little energy for it in the infrequent moments it occurs. A result is that the development of our best players is stunted." 

Nothing new here either, of course, but a point well worth repeating. I have been saying for years that the ridiculous number of games our kids play - along with the out-of-control emphasis on winning - ends up hurting, not helping player development.  Nice to know that I am not the only voice crying in the wilderness: as John Hackworth, former coach of the U.S. under-17 national team and current youth-development coordinator for the Philadelphia franchise in Major League Soccer told Sokolove, "As [a player] gets older, the game count just keeps increasing. It's counterproductive to learning and the No. 1 worst thing we do."  

Why so many games? Sokolov doesn't exactly pinpoint the reason, but hints at the answer in Hackworth's observation that "[a]s soon as a kid here starts playing, he's got referees on the field and parents watching in lawn chairs."  In other words, the older kids get, the more they play games and the less they practice, not because it is good for their development - because it isn't - but because it provides free or low-cost entertainment (and, let's face it, ego gratification) for all those parents watching from the stands or camped out in lawn chairs - parents who wouldn't think about sitting through a boring two-hour practice where there are no winners or losers, but who are more than happy to watch their son or daughter score goals, baskets, or hit home runs in games that matter in the win-loss column and on the stat sheet.

A flawed system

Soccer isn't by any means alone in utilizing this flawed system.  As Sokolove also correctly points out, the "way we approach youth soccer in the U.S. is no more thoughtless than how we groom talent in baseball or basketball. All the same syndromes apply. Overplay. Too little practice. The courting of injuries - for example, the spate of elbow operations for pitchers in their midteens brought on by coaches who leave them on the mound for too many innings." 

The challenge is to move towards a youth sports system in this country capable of simultaneously producing athletic talent without increasingly exposing our kids to overuse injuries and burnout, and without abandoning America's fundamentally democratic view of sports, one in which we, as Sokolove says, "celebrate the ‘self-made athlete,' honor effort and luck and let children seek their own course for as long as they can - even when it means living with dreams that are unattainable and always were." 

I agree with Sokolove that to adopt the European-based model of club-financed training, where no one pretends that its business is other than what it is, clashes with American sensibilities and "can look uncomfortably like the trafficking of child athletes," if not the economic exploitation of children banned under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (which, ironically, has been ratified by every country in the world except the United States and Somalia). But at the same time, the excessive training and number of games that is often required of elite youth athletes in this country might well be considered child abuse under four articles of that same convention.

Less is more

So what's our alternative? It's not like youth sports in this country isn't already big business. It's not like youth sports in this country is any more child-friendly than Ajax in promoting through the ranks those athletes considered, rightly and in some cases wrongly, to be the talented ones deserving of more playing time, while cutting the rest.  We just aren't nearly as up front about it as the Dutch, clinging to the notion that  youth sports in this country is something other than the cut-throat, merciless, results-oriented, dare I say, business that Sokolove says prevails in Europe and the rest of the world.

Which is a better system: one in which a club makes a business decision not to "throw money after pure fantasy, encouraging visions of pro careers that never have a chance of materializing for children who do not have the foundational talent to reach such goals," or one in which individual parents are encouraged by  those with a vested interest in nurturing those visions (e.g. coaches, sports camps, private instructors, and strength and conditioning trainers) to do precisely that: invest enormous sums of their own money in their child's athletic career, risking burnout, permanent disability from a torn ACL, or lifelong cognitive impairment from too many concussions, in the hopes that their child will be the one in a million holding  a pot of gold at the end of the youth sports rainbow?

This doesn't mean that there aren't elements of the European model of  youth sports that would make a difference: a games-based approach to practices, fewer practices, fewer games, a better balance between practices and games, and more emphasis on preventing overuse injuries (a problem that might very well take care of itself if there were fewer practices and games). 

Whether it will ever happen in an America that has become a society of excess, in which everything is super-sized (now, sadly, including our oil spills), in a youth sports culture in which there is more of everything: practices, games, tournaments, competition, select teams, travel, media coverage, money, burnout, and injuries, and which the only thing there is less of is kids having fun and just being allowed to be kids - in other words, where the youth sports model is less, not more, and where even elite youth athletes have a life outside of sports -  is impossible to predict.

But it won't stop me and many other reform advocates from working every day to do what we can to help see it happen.

 

Questions/Comments: delench@MomsTeam.com

Brooke de Lench is the author of HOME TEAM ADAVANTAGE: The Critical Role of Mothers in Youth Sports (Harper Collins) and the publisher of MomsTeam.com 

5
Average: 5 (1 vote)

Soccer Development Academies: Elite or Elitist?

Over the weekend I posted a link in the @MomsTeam Twitter account to an article in the New York Times titled "High School Players Forced to Choose in Soccer's New Way."  My tweet generated a lot of buzz, and, as I had commented in the past on the way sports talent is developed in this country, I thought it would be a great topic for a blog.

Then, the following Tweet appeared in my timeline from one of MomsTeam's good Twitter friends, Emily Cohen @gobearsemily, which read: "no other sport tells kids where and when they can play. Forcing kids to choose between club and school is wrong ... and misleading."

So I decided that, instead of doing my own blog, I would ask Emily if she would be a guest blogger on this issue and she agreed.  What follows is her take on the Times  story, under the title "Elite or Elitist?"

The United States Soccer Federation's (USSF) recent mandate that ‘elite' soccer players who play for Development Academy teams will not be allowed to play for their high school soccer teams after this season simply frosts me. I've read volumes in the last few weeks, from Soccer America's initial news article and the seemingly unending comments from readers and the soccer experati to The New York Times piece this past Sunday by Sam Borden, that really brought "Soccer's New Way" into the collective consciousness across America.

While my 15-year-old son doesn't play soccer (instead, he's passionate about baseball and plays travel ball as well as high school varsity baseball), he has plenty of friends who do, and some of them play at a very high level. A couple of them, at least, will likely go on to play soccer in college. To me, telling these teenagers that they must choose between their club or their high school soccer team goes against the core of a fundamentally American value: freedom.

The freedom to choose to play with your friends on your high school soccer team, to gain bragging rights against friends on other high school teams and make memories that will last a lifetime should not taken away from you just because a group of men feel that the "United States doesn't measure up to other countries in soccer." Frankly, I am more worried about the "performance gap" in manufacturing, technology, and our economy in general, aren't you?

And speaking of economics, this new approach smacks more of elitism by the USSF than any benefits to the elite athlete. The cost to join a Development Academy team - or any club team, for that matter - is exorbitant. Does the USSF really believe that the only players worthy of wearing a U.S. jersey are those who have the financial resources and family situations to pay for and support a player participating on a Development Academy team? Last I checked, soccer experts were lamenting that not enough kids, in general, play unstructured soccer on their own time and that low-income and urban kids were eschewing soccer for sports such as basketball, football and baseball. Now, all of a sudden, these same experts have taken a U-turn: more organized training and games are the answer. Why? The money, of course. Those less privileged kids can't afford to pay for this elite development academy system, so they're clearly not on their radar. OccupySoccer, anyone?

Aside from taking the freedom to choose away from these youth athletes and the elitist mentality of the academies, I also have a huge problem with the focus on athletics to the detriment, even elimination of, a focus on academics. It's not only misleading, it's misguided. Today, there are significantly more college scholarships available for academic achievement than for athletic achievement. Of the estimated 3,000 young athletes currently participating on U.S. Soccer Development Academy teams, only about 30 - or 1% (here we go with that number again) will end up playing professionally. That's more than 2,900 kids who are going to be misled, told by the USSF, "if you want to be good and go pro, you have to do it OUR way," and then won't have the education - or the resources to get the education - they need to succeed in another career. But the USSF will gladly take your money anyway.

Finally, I'm not sure what to make of the male-only focus of this new mandate. Are the powers-that-be saying that the development of female soccer players in the U.S. is on the right track and no changes need to be made, even though the majority of the players on last year's Women's World Cup runner-up U. S. Women's National Team (USWMT) played on their high school teams? Apparently, the status quo is working for the development of our women soccer players, but not the men. Is the quality of high school coaching - oft-maligned by these so-called soccer experts - fine for women but not for men? Or isn't the women's game important enough for them to want or care to improve?
In the end, I think the path upon which the USSF has set is a slippery slope - and not just for soccer. At what point will other sports - basketball, baseball, football and more - follow suit and tell kids they can't play for their high school if they want to play on an AAU, USSSA, or other elite travel team? In fact, I've heard rumblings that AAU wants to force high-school basketball players to make a similar club-or-high-school decision. What does this portend for the future of high school sports? Will the Friday Night Lights be turned off forever?

Where do you stand on the club versus school debate? Do you agree with Emily? Disagree? Unsure? Share your thoughts by commenting below, or on Facebook or via Twitter (to keep Emily in the loop, add the hashtag #@gobearsemily to your Twitter post) and take the new poll we have posted on our home page (either by clicking on the link or going to the lower right hand corner of the MomsTeam home page under the heading "MomsTeam Asks"). 

March 12, 2012: Update: MomsTeam is pleased to announce that Emily Cohen has now joined our team of bloggers.  This blog, minus the introduction, now also appears under her byline.

0

Girls Can Be Baseball Catchers Now Too!

When my sisters and I were growing up, my father loved to spend time with us in the back yard (and later at the local school diamond) playing baseball. We never used a softballs, always baseballs. My dad had been a stand-out baseball pitcher and catcher for his high school during the World War II. He had hoped to play professional baseball but his dreams and elbow were shattered by a bullet while serving on the aircraft carrier Bon Homme Richard in the Pacific. Frankly, I also think the wear and tear of pitching also left him some serious rotator cuff issues, as he had a difficult time throwing very far as he got older.Riverdale School baseball team early 1940s

So when the time came when I could finally play softball for my high school team (one of the few sports girls played on those pre-Title IX days besides half-court basketball and field hockey), catcher was my position of choice. Perhaps it was because I was a natural athlete and wanted to be constantly in motion. The fact that my dad had played catcher for the all boys Riverdale School team in New York in the early 40s (that's him in the photo, the last player on the right in the front row with the catcher's glove and shin guards), had a something to do with my choice. I recall the conversation with my dad, who everyone called "Bud", to this day. I was somewhat upset that softballs were so much bigger than regular baseballs, and wondered why girls couldn't play baseball too. My dad explained that if I played catcher, the game would be much more fun. In fact, I loved being a catcher for my high school team until I discovered tennis and later, in college, lacrosse as my spring sports.

Was it any wonder that my son Spencer wanted to be a catcher when he started youth baseball? Had his granddad "Bumpa" lived long enough to watch him he would have been very proud that he followed in his footsteps.

As major league baseball begins spring training and young baseball players around the country eagerly await the arrival of weather warm enough to go out and throw the ball around, some of them, I bet, are thinking about becoming catchers, and for some teenage girls, the opportunity now exists to play baseball,

For those parents looking for advice on how to buy catcher's gear, we have posted a very informative buying guide.

Is your teenage daughter interested in playing baseball at the highest possible competitive level? Check out the announcement by USA Baseball of tryout dates for the Women's National Team for the 2012 World Cup in August, including the addition this year of a 16 and under team. 

With Fenway Park celebrating its 100th Anniversary this year (and where my dad took us to see the "Splendid Splinter", Ted Williams, play, it is sure to be an exciting season.  All I can say is, "Play ball!" Teammates statue outside Fenway Park

 

0

A Shining Star Extinguished: MomsTeam Remembers Sarah Burke

We at MomsTeam are deeply saddened by the passing of Sarah Burke, Canadian freestyle skier and a pioneer of the superpipe event, who died January 19th from injuries she received in an accident nine days earlier while training for the upcoming Winter X Games at Park City Mountain, Utah.

Sarah was a freeskiing pioneer, six-time X Games gold medalist and beloved wife, daughter, sister and friend; an athlete whose star shone brightly well beyond her sport; a star whose light has now, tragically, been extinguished, forever.  We join in expressing our condolences to her family and at the loss of such a remarkable young woman. 

I had an opportunity to meet Sarah during my ten days at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada and at nearby Whistler Mountain, the venue for most of the ski and snowboard events, where Sarah trained, and near where she grew up. Her event was on the men's program, but not yet recognized as an Olympic sport on the women's side.  I remember Sarah actively lobbying at the time to have her sport added to the 2014 Olympic program.

As readers of this space know, I am a huge and lifelong fan of the Olympics. I grew up skiing on the icy slopes of southern Vermont, dreaming of someday competing in the Games myself.  As someone who has devoted many years to advocating on behalf of female athletes and for a greater role of women in sports, both as coaches and administrators, I took an immediate interest in Sarah mission, and was thrilled when the International Olympic Committee voted to add women's superpipe skiing to the program for the 2014 Winter Olympics to be held in Sochi, Russia. Had her life not been cut short, Sarah would have been the odds-on favorite for a gold medal.

Sarah left an indelible impression on many, many people, but especially women in sports. Her amazing, loving spirit will live on, not only among her fellow athletes, but the entire sporting world. She will be greatly missed.

Reprinted here, in case you haven't seen it elsewhere on the Web, is the statement from Sarah's family released by her publicist, Nicole Wool, yesterday:

January 19, 2012

Groundbreaking Canadian freestyle skier Sarah Burke passed away at 9:22AM January 19, 2012 at the University of Utah Hospital from injuries sustained in an accident on the Eagle Superpipe at Park City Mountain Resort on Tuesday, January 10, 2012. She was training for upcoming winter events.

As the result of Sarah's fall, she suffered a ruptured vertebral artery, one of the four major arteries supplying blood to the brain. The rupture of this artery led to a severe intracranial hemorrhage, which caused Sarah to go into cardiac arrest on the scene. Emergency personnel responded and CPR was administered on the scene during which time she remained without a pulse or spontaneous breathing. Studies in the University of Utah Hospital Emergency Department indicated that she retained brainstem function. She was placed on life support and a protocol of therapeutic hypothermia was initiated to protect her brain. An angiogram indicated the site of arterial bleeding, and on Wednesday, January 11 the injured artery was successfully repaired.

After the operation, numerous neurological examinations, electrodiagnostic tests and imaging studies revealed that Sarah sustained severe irreversible damage to her brain due to lack of oxygen and blood after cardiac arrest, resulting in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Sarah passed away peacefully surrounded by those she loved. In accordance with Sarah's wishes, her organs and tissues were donated to save the lives of others.

While early reports in the media stated that Sarah's injury was a traumatic brain injury, it is important to note that Sarah's condition was the result of a lack of oxygen to the brain during cardiac arrest.

The family wishes to express their deep gratitude to Sarah's dear friends for their love and support, and for traveling to Salt Lake City to comfort the family.

They would also like to thank the University of Utah Hospital and her physicians and care team in the Neuro Critical Care Unit for their incredible care and compassion.

The family was moved by the sincere and heartfelt sympathy expressed by people inspired by Sarah from all around the world. They have received a substantial number of inquiries from those who would like to make a contribution on behalf of Sarah. For more information, please go to www.giveforward.com/sarahburke.

A public celebration of Sarah's life will be held in the coming weeks.


Sources: Statement from Sarah Burke's family - GlobalTVEdmonton.com Jan. 19, 2012; Freestyle star sustains serious head injury in training - New York Times Jan. 12, 2012

Questions/comments? Contact Brooke de Lench delench@momsteam.com

0

Team Approach to Concussions

In late April 2008, I attended the National Sports Concussion Summit in Marina Del Rey, California. It was indeed an honor to have been asked to participate in this conference and to be the keynote speaker to an audience filled with a veritable who's who in the world of concussions in sports.

In my next few blogs I will offer some suggestions on how each of us - whether we be parent, coach, official, athletic trainer, clinician, current or former professional athlete, sports safety equipment manufacturer, whether we are involved with a local youth sports program, the national governing body of a sport, or a professional sports league, can work together with parents as a team to protect our country's most precious human resource - our children - against catastrophic injury or death from sudden impact syndrome or the serious, life-altering consequences of multiple concussions.

0

Youth Sports Politics: Adults Feud, Children Suffer

An article in the Boston Globe, last year,  titled  "Taking the ‘little' out of Little League" reminds us not only about what is wrong in today's youth sports, but how needed reform can occur. 

I wrote this blog in 2010 but the issue continues to come up, questions are asked and think this may help. 

According to the Globe article, the 31-member board of the 14-team Parkway Little League in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, many of whom had been on the board for years and years, had used its power over virtually everything the league did to effectively create a "farm system" that allowed managers in the so-called "majors" to hold some players back in the "minors", to be called up when needed, and permitted certain favored coaches to monopolize talented players.  Not surprisingly, some parents eventually cried foul, claiming the system unfairly penalized some players by holding them out of league-wide tryouts and preventing them from advancing to other major league teams.  A number of long-serving board members had then, the story reported, "hijacked the board and blocked efforts to change the system."

What the article described sounded like the kind of politics and favoritism that a mom described in an e-mail I received several years ago.  She was irate over how grown men could turn what should have been a wonderful Little League baseball season into a joke. Apparently, the player selection system in the town where she lived provided for players to be selected by the coaches in rotating fashion based on a points system. Players in the pool were each assigned a score from the tryouts. Once selected, a player's points were added to that team's total and the team could not select another player until its point total was the lowest.

The system was supposed to ensure competitive balance.  But some coaches apparently figured out a way to beat the system. Because the sons of the head coach and all of his assistant coaches got to play on the same team (let's call the team the "Giants"), and because they just so happened to be fathers of the four "best" players, they could, simply by agreeing to coach together, ensure that they would have far and away the best team. Even though the four players' high point total meant that the Giants had to wait for quite a while to draft other players to fill out the roster - players with much lower point scores than the four stars - it was clear from the get-go that the Giants would steamroll through the regular season undefeated and the playoffs to a championship.  Not surprisingly, that's exactly what happened! They might as well have handed the trophy to the Giants before the season even started. The other coaches, and many parents of players on other teams, quietly grumbled, but nothing was done to change the system.

The Parkway saga escalated to the point that lawyers and Little League  headquarters in Williamsport, PA were called in.  But even the presence of a Little League representative at league meetings and a stern warning letter threatening to revoke the league's charter didn't help.  Only after two months of trench warfare, with both sides refusing to give an inch and the kids caught in the middle, was the logjam broken when the league cut the size of the board in half, showing the door to some of the staunchest defenders of the status quo (and presumably ushering in some much needed changes).

What the battle illustrates is how an entrenched group of adults can take the youth out of youth sports and turn a game for kids into a stage on which to play out adult power games, one where young players are exposed to the risk of permanent injury by ignoring pitch limits and  tryouts, drafts and player placement are manipulated to favor certain coaches, all in the name of winning (and it goes without saying that winning is what this approach allowed Parkway to do; no wonder it won the state championship in 2008 and advanced to the Little League regionals in Bristol, Connecticut). 

Fortunately, what the feud also demonstrates is how a courageous group of parents can successfully challenge the status quo to put the word "youth" back in youth sports, and how it is usually only at the grass roots, community level, that reform takes place.

So what are the lessons of Parkway for sports parents?  Here's just five:

  1. Listen to what children want: Studies repeatedly show that the vast majority of boys and girls, when asked what they would like to see changed about youth sports, say they would like to see less emphasis on winning. We need to start listening to what are children tell us.  All too often, youth sports are adult- not child-centered.
  2. Have the courage to speak up. I believe that a vast silent majority of parents in this country want a youth sports system that serves the interests of children but worry - and not without basis -  that their kids will be ostracized if they challenge the status quo. Those who demand more games, more wins, more trophies, more travel and more of everything tend to have the loudest voices and sound the most convincing. It's up to parents who believe in a child-centered sports system to have the courage to be just as passionate on the side of balance.
  3. Require accountability and transparency by youth sports organizations. Most youth sports organization are run like small- and, in some cases, not-so-small - businesses with virtually no oversight beyond their volunteer board of directors. Push for formation of a Parent Advisory Group representing parents with children currently playing in the program to provide the Board of Directors with feedback. 
  4. Establish term limits. As the Parkway saga shows, directors, administrators and coaches who become entrenched in a program tend to defend the status quo. New blood can keep a program fresh and strong.
  5. Use the power of the permit. In most communities, youth sports organizations need permits from the town or municipality's parks and recreation department to use taxpayer-funded fields, diamonds, tracks, and pools. That makes them subject to public oversight. Priority for permits should be given to programs that serve the interests of children, not overcompetitive adults bent on gratifying their own egos.

These are just some of the ways to reform youth sports.  For more, click here.

 Questions/Comments? Send them to delench@momsteam.com

 

5
Average: 5 (1 vote)